Macbeth disturbs the natural order of things by murdering the king and stealing the throne. The chain of being is a religious one because the Elizabethans had placed their almighty God at its top. The term denotes three general features of the universe: plenitude, continuity, and gradation. The Great Chain of Being is a major influence on Shakespeare’s Macbeth. “The Great Chain of Being, employed as a title, would have suggested…what was 'probably the most widely familiar conception of the general scheme of things'―the idea of a world in which every being was related to every other in a continuously graded scale, with no possible form of diversity missing. Moreover, it is very strict because it was impossible to change the position of an object in the hierarchy in it. Arthur Oncken Lovejoy (October 10, 1873 – December 30, 1962) was an American philosopher and intellectual historian, who founded the discipline known as the history of ideas with his book The Great Chain of Being (1936), on the topic of that name, which is regarded as 'probably the single most influential work in the history of ideas in the United States during the last half century'. Elizabethan Era Chain of Being Theory. The Great Chain of Being Among the most important of the continuities with the Classical period was the concept of the Great Chain of Being. Great Chain of Being, also called Chain of Being, conception of the nature of the universe that had a pervasive influence on Western thought, particularly through the ancient Greek Neoplatonists and derivative philosophies during the European Renaissance and the 17th and early 18th centuries.
People, including Shakespeare believed in a Divine Order, or Great The Great Chain of Being was conceptualized differently by scholars at different times. The Divine Order - The Great Chain of Being In Elizabethan times, there was a different way of looking at life. The Great Chain of Being is one of the foremost books of intellectual history, which is, as the subtitle reads, the study of the history of an idea. The historian Arthur O. Lovejoy (1936) identified three basic intellectual components of the Great Chain of Being, which he called the principles of Plenitude, Continuity, and Gradation.
Its major premise was that every existing thing in the universe had its "place" in a divinely planned hierarchical order, which was pictured as a chain vertically extended.